|
be動詞の否定文 |
be動詞を含んだ否定文は、be動詞の後に not を入れればよい。
is, are, was, were は not と合体して、縮約形を作る。
|
is not |
⇒ | isn't |
|
are not |
⇒ | aren't |
|
was not |
⇒ | wasn't |
|
were not |
⇒ | weren't |
|
be動詞が現在形の場合 |
| 単数 | 複数 | |
| １人称 | I am not ( I'm not ) | we are not ( we're not , we aren't ) |
| ２人称 | you are not ( you're not , you aren't ) |
you are not ( you're not , you aren't ) |
| ３人称 | he is not ( he's not , he isn't )
she is not (she's not , she isn't) it is not (it's not , it isn't ) |
they are not (they're not , they aren't ) |
|
be動詞が過去形の場合 |
| 単数 | 複数 | |
| １人称 | I was not ( I wasn't ) | we were not ( we weren't ) |
| ２人称 | you were not ( you weren't ) | you were not ( you weren't ) |
| ３人称 | he was not ( he wasn't not )
she was not ( she wasn't not ) it was not ( it wasn't not ) |
they were not ( they weren't not ) |
|
be動詞の疑問文 |
be動詞を含んだ疑問文は、主語の前に be動詞が出て、be動詞 ＋ 主語 の語順になる。
be動詞を使った疑問文に対する答え方は､
| Is your wife American ?
(あなたの奥さんはアメリカ人ですか） |
⇒ | Yes, she is.
No, she isn't. / No she's not. / No, she is not. |
このように、Yes / No の後に主語を代名詞に変え、be動詞を続ける。Yes, she is. のように文の最後に be動詞がくる場合には、縮約形は使えないので注意する。
Yes, she is American. や No, she isn't American. のように答えてもよいが、質問と同じ内容を繰り返すのは避けることが多い。
例
| Are you happy ?
Am I happy ? Of course ! |
あなた幸せ？
俺が幸せかって？あたりまえじゃないか。 |
| Is that handsome man John's father ?
Yes, he is. |
あのハンサムな男の人はジョンのお父さんですか？
はい、そうです。 |
| Were your glasses expensive ?
Yes, they were. |
君のめがねは高かったのかい？
はい、そうです。 |